MadaMarket Export : Clove Supplier Madagascar Clove

Clove scientific name : Eugenia Caryophyllus – Myrtaceae family

Effective antiseptic, people describes clove in some countries to fight against malaria, cholera and tuberculosis. Clove also helps with digestion. Known as anti-parasitic, physical and intellectual stimulant, people consider clove as an aphrodisiac in some countries.

Parts used: buds, flower stalks, leaves

The therapeutic properties of clove depend on an extraction process.

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Description of clove

Origin

Maluku Islands

Cultivated, provenance

Africa, Madagascar, Indonesia

Botanical description

The clove tree is an evergreen tree that can reach 20 meters in height. The pinkish-white flowers are grouped into small compact and branched cymes. The fruit is an elongated dark red berry at maturity that contains one to two seeds. Unfilled flower buds or “nails” are the parts used in medicine. They are picked during maturation and dried in the sun.

 

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COMPOSITION

Active subtances

> Essential oil: eugenol, acetyleugenol, caryophyllene

> Flavonoids: aquercetol, kaempferol

> Hydrolyzable tannins: gallic tannins

> Triterpene acids: oleanolic acid

 

USE / USE

 

properties

Activity in the digestive tract

Cloves are known for their appetizing and digestive properties. The essential oil and especially eugenol are good carminatives. Eugenol also inhibits spasms induced by acetylcholine, histamine or nicotine by blocking calcium channels. In addition, it promotes biliary secretion, inducing a prolonged increase in bile flow in the rat. “Cloves” also stimulate the production of mucus in the stomach (1).

Anti-infectious activity

Clove essential oil, and more specifically eugenol, inhibits herpes virus multiplication and has inhibitory activity on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans (2, 3).

Likewise, a clove extract has inhibitory activity against Helicobacter pylori and some periodontal pathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and P. intermedia (4, 5).

Anti-inflammatory activity

In vitro, a methanolic extract of clove as well as eugenol alone inhibits the production of prostaglandins E2 by inhibition of the expression of COX-2 (6, 7). An aqueous clove extract inhibits the anaphylactic reaction by reducing the release of histamine by mast cells in the rat (8).

Action on gluconeogenesis

A clove extract has insulin-like properties in vitro on hepatocytes, reducing the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose 6-phosphatase which limits the production of glucose in the liver. Cloves and insulin regulate the expression of many common genes in the liver (9).

Antioxidant, anesthetic and analgesic actions

Cloves due to its polyphenol content inhibit lipid peroxidation (10). Eugenol produces a reversible dose-dependent anesthetic effect in rats (11). In migraine patients, administration of essential oil reduces the intensity of pain during seizures (12).

Activity at the cardiovascular level

Clove oil and mainly eugenol and acetyl eugenol inhibit platelet aggregation by reducing thromboxane platelet formation in vitro (13).

Activity at the sexual level

A clove extract allows, in vivo in rats, to increase sexual activity (1).

 

indications

Cloves will be particularly indicated for:

> In connection with its anti-infective and anti-inflammatory properties:

• ENT-pulmonary diseases with hyperalgic connotation:

– Viral angina, pharyngitis, glossitis, aphtosis, periodontitis, dental neuralgia, dysphagia

– Dry, irritative cough

 

> In relation to its properties in the digestive tract:

• Hepatogastric diseases:

– Prevention of type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance

– Chronic gastritis, prevention of ulcerative recurrence with Helicobacter pylori in addition to the reference treatments

– Spasmodic digestive disorders

 

> In relation to its sexual properties:

• Sexual disorders: decreased libido in men and women

 

Side effects

Possibility of skin allergy and mucous membranes, mainly during local use of clove EO in concentrated form.

 

Contraindications, drug interactions:

No contraindications or intera